2. Group & team : involve interaction, interdependence, shared rules, common goals.
- Team has stronger sense of team identity.
- Shared goals characterize groups
3. Six kinds of task groups
- Project Teams : expertise in different facets of a project, combine their knowledge and skills to accomplish a common goals
- Focus Groups : express ideas, beliefs, feelings, and perceptions relevant to the topic
- Brainstorming Groups: come up with as many ideas as possible, encourage imaginative, even wild, thinking.
- Advisory Groups : provide expert briefing to an individual group
- Quality improvement teams : focus on complaining problems - identifying needs or problems, ways in which organizational functioning could be improved, and areas of stress or discontent for employees - generate impressive solution - make report regularly
- Decision Making Groups
4. Potential Limitations of Groups
- Time needed for the group process
- The potential of conformity pressures to interfere with high quality decision making - *Confirmity pressures - members should be on guard against the potential to conform uncritically
5. Potential Strengths of Groups
- exceeds any individual in the ideas, perspectives, experiences, expertise it
- enhance effectiveness
- Synergy : special kind of collaborative vitality that enhances the efforts , talents, strength
- more thorough
- more creative
- generate commitment to outcomes
6. Features of small groups
- Cohesion - emphasize the group or team and the goals the members share to promote cohesion, but extreme cohesion sometimes leads to groupthink
- Groupsize - as size increases, the contributions of each members will decrease
- Power structure - 1. Power Over(the ability to help or harm others) 2.Power To ( empower others to reach their goals, fosters win- win group climates) 3. distributed power structure (all members have equal power) 4. Hierarchical power structure '(one or more members have greater power) 5. Social climbing(attempt to increase personal status by winning the approval of high status members)
- Interaction Patterns : 1. centralised patterns 2. decentralized patterns
- Group Norms: guidelines that regulates how member acts
7. Guidelines
- Participate constructively
- Task communication : focus on problems
- Procedural Communication - helps a group organized and stay on track
- Climate Communication - encourage to contribute freely and evaluate ideas critically
- Egocentric Communication - used to block others or to call attention to oneself
- Provide leadership
- Organize discussion, ensure sound research, reasoning, promote norms for mindful listening, create productive climate, build group morale, discourage egocentric communication
- Manage conflict constructively
- Disruptive Conflict : competitive as members vie with each others to wield influence and get their ways (win-lose orientation)
- Constructive Conflict : members understand that disagreements are natural and can help them to achieve their shared goals (win-win orientation)
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